What is Class C4 planning use?

Class C4 in England covers certain small houses in multiple occupation with three to six unrelated people sharing basic amenities.

The detail.

A larger HMO can be sui generis. A change from a dwellinghouse to a small HMO may be subject to an Article 4 direction or other restrictions, and licensing is a separate question.

This guidance applies to England. The lawful use, conditions, any proposed works and the facts of the operation should be checked for each property.

What to check.

  • Confirm the proposed number of occupants and their living arrangements.
  • Check the local planning authority’s rules, the property’s conditions and licensing requirements.

A planning adviser or the local planning authority can advise on the specific property and proposal.

Sources.

Sources reviewed 6 November 2026. General information, not a planning opinion.

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