What planning use class is an HMO?

A small house in multiple occupation in England generally falls within Class C4 when it has three to six qualifying unrelated occupants who share basic amenities.

The detail.

Larger HMOs can be sui generis. Whether a change needs an application depends on the facts and local restrictions, including any applicable Article 4 direction.

This guidance applies to England. The lawful use, conditions, any proposed works and the facts of the operation should be checked for each property.

What to check.

  • Confirm the number of occupants and how they use the property.
  • Check local planning and HMO licensing requirements separately.

A planning adviser or the local planning authority can advise on the specific property and proposal.

Sources.

Sources reviewed 6 November 2026. General information, not a planning opinion.

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